【第一题】

　　I am very glad that all of you will soon go to the States to study and work with Americans. We need to eat no matter where. So, as the first lecture in the orientation program, I'd like to talk about what Americans do in a restaurant.

　　In American restaurants, you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you get free refill.

　　Soft drinks are sweet, carbonated drinks like Coke. Hard drinks are alcoholics, like whiskey. They are served either on the rocks or straight.

　　Serving in the restaurant are large. If you can't finish, ask the waiter for a "doggie bag", so that you can enjoy the food later. Remember, you should always have a tip of about 15%on the table when you leave.

　　参考答案

　　我非常高兴你们各位不久将去美国,与美国人一块学习和工作.无论我们在那儿我们都得吃饭.所以,在情况介绍会的第一个讲座里,我想与各位谈谈美人在餐馆用餐时的一些规矩.

　　在美国餐馆里,通常在点菜之前你会得到一杯饮用自来水.你会发现面包和黄油都是免费的.如果你要咖啡,你可以免费续杯.

　　软饮料是指如可乐那样的甜甜的炭酸化合饮料.硬饮料是指含有酒精的饮料,如:威士忌.可加冰块或不加冰块供应.

　　餐馆里的菜量很足,如果用不完,可请服务员"打包",这样你能呆会儿再吃.记住你得付大约15%小费.餐毕离桌时,放在桌上.

　　【第二题】

　　Crime control is a pretty complex question, the first step, of course, is deterrence to stop people from committing crime in the first place. That involves the economy. Are there enough jobs for everyone? There should be. And social structure, are there enough support system? And so on. When people are convicted, and put in prison, then the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons. So they want person comes out, they don’t return to a life of crime. If the education program and drug treatment program have been cut, convicted criminals are not being reformed.

　　译文：如何控制犯罪率是一个十分复杂的问题。首先，当然要防止犯罪行为的发生。包括从经济方面来说，是否有足够的工作提供给所有人?这个是应该要保证的;从社会机构来说，是否有足够的社会保障体系?等等。而一旦人们犯了罪，被关进监狱了，那么监狱里就需要有改造计划，可以让这些人出狱之后，不再回到犯罪生涯。如果停掉教育计划和毒品治疗方案，那就无法对这些犯人就行改造了。

　　评析：本篇段落翻译选自2008年春季高口的听力原文，这就暗示了广大口译考生，历年的听力原文等材料是平时训练的重要资源，平时多积累，考试的时候方可胸有成竹。

　　本篇段落关注的是一个常见的社会问题——如何控制犯罪率。段落给出了两点建议，一个是要防患未然;二是在对犯人实施改造计划。内容对考生来说应该并不陌生，语速也较为平缓，作为两段翻译的的第二段，在难度上是可以接受的。

　　本段词汇较为常见。注意deterrence，意是“威慑，制止”，这里考生也可将名词转译为动词，译为“防止犯罪行为的发生”;另外，convict这个单词意为“判…有罪”，convicted criminals指“囚犯，犯人”。

　　段落的句子结构较为简单。考生只需注意这个长句：When people are convicted, and put into prison, the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons, so that when the person comes out, they don't return to a life of crime. 这个句子虽长，但只要理解语义，理清分句之间的逻辑关系，如when引导的是从句，the goal 后面的内容是主句，so that作的是目的状语。划分好结构，再按句子本身的语序进行翻译就可以了。

　　总体而言，本篇英译中难度适中，主题也不偏颇另类，考生在平时注意对社会问题的积累，多进行真题练习，把握好时间和心态，相信会顺利完成翻译。