13.【题干】The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.

　　A.fear

　　B.joy

　　C.hurt

　　D.memory

　　14.【题干】They have built canals to irrigate the desert.

　　A.decorate

　　B.water

　　C.change

　　D.visit

　　15.【题干】The revelation of his past led to his resignation.

　　A.imagination

　　B.disclosure

　　C.confirmation

　　D.recall

　　阅读判断

　　Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】

　　German researchers have __ 1 __ a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection __ 2 __ sudden death from cardiac arrest.

　　In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases __ 3 __ by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have __ 4 __ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing __ 5 __ disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices __ 6__ a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.

　　Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator __ 7 __ of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG. within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of __ 8__ blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data __ 9 __ .

　　The overwhelming __ 10 __ of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only __ 11__ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use __ 12__ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “__ 13 __ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based __ 14__ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show __ 15 __ the new software evaluates the data considerably better.

　　1.A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against

　　2.A to B for C with D from

　　3.A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing

　　4.A easily B readily C frequently D already

　　5.A disease-producing B health-improving C life-threatening D error-correcting

　　6.A take in B take after C take on D take from

　　7.A capable B able C skillful D skilled

　　8.A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent

　　9.A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise

　　10.A maximum B minimum C majority D minority

　　11.A get B take C bring D fetch

　　12.A of B with C for D in

　　13.A Similarly B In this manner C Otherwise D In this way

　　14.A in B for C upon D with

　　15.A what B where C that D when

　　阅读理解

　　Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements【诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始】

　　Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.

　　Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.

　　Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.

　　Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.

　　As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.

　　Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry,, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.

　　Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.

　　Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor ( US $1.3 million. prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.

　　"Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions."

　　In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.

　　1. Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?

　　A Elizabeth Blackburn. B Carol Greider . C Linda Buck. D Pierre Chambon.

　　2. Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?

　　A He was from Sweden

　　B He was the inventor of dynamite.

　　C He established the prizes in his will

　　D He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.

　　3. Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?

　　A The medicine prize. B The literature prize. C The peace prize. D The economics prize.