4. The word "kicks" in line 6 from the bottom probably means

　　A excitement. B income.

　　C motivation. D knowledge.

　　5. The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of

　　A money in medical research.

　　B proteins in cancer treatment.

　　C hormones in the functioning of life.

　　D telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.

　　How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear【如何让耳聋的人更容易听见】

　　Most people think of Beethoven's hearing loss as an obstacle to composing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in the last decade of his life when he was completely deaf.

　　This is one of the most glorious cases of the triumph of will over adversity, but his biographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. ___1___. In his deaf world Beethoven could experiment, free from the sounds of the outside world, free to create new forms and harmonies.

　　Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musical ability of musicians who become deaf. They continue to "hear" music with as much, or greater, accuracy than if they were actually hearing it being played.

　　___2___. He described a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months: "my former musical experiences began to play back to me. I couldn't differentiate between what I heard and real hearing. After many years, it is still rewarding to listen to these playbacks, to ‘ hear' music which is new to me and to find many quiet accompaniments for all of my moods. "

　　How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both "out there" and at the same time within us? There is no better example of this connection between external stimulus and internal perception than the cochlear implant. ___3___.However, it might be possible to use the brain's remarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces.

　　When Michael Edgar first "switched on" his cochlear implant, the sounds he heard were not at all clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he began to identify everyday sounds. For example, "The insistent ringing of the telephone became clear almost at once.”

　　The primary purpose of the implant is to allow communication with others. When people spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices "coming through like a long-distance telephone call on a poor connection.” But when it came to his beloved music, the implant was of no help.___4___.He said, "I play the piano as I used to and hear it in my head at the same time. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keys give added 'clarity' to hearing in my head.”

　　Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is not perfect, but which can change their lives.___5___.Even the most amazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as he composed his Ninth Symphony at the end of his life.

　　A No man-made device could replace the ability to hear.

　　B When he wanted to appreciate music, Eagar played the piano.

　　C Still, as Michael Eagar discovered, when it comes to musical harmonies, hearing is irrelevant.

　　D Michael Eagar, who died in 2003, became deaf at the age of 21.

　　E Beethoven produced his most wonderful works after he became deaf.

　　F Solomon argues that Beethoven's deafness "heightened" his achievement as a composer.

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　　What Is a Dream?

　　For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.

　　Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. (46)____

　　The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.

　　The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (47)___For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

　　Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (48)____.

　　Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

　　He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. (49)___This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.

　　Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (50)____The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

　　A. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

　　B. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic.

　　C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.

　　D. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.

　　E. Men and women are dreamed about different things.

　　F. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.

　　参考答案

　　词汇选项

　　AACBD ABCDA BBCBB

　　阅读判断

　　BDADC CABDC BADCC

　　阅读理解

　　CDDAD FDABC

　　补全短文

　　ADCFB